8/30/2023 0 Comments Emc research bias![]() The remaining gaps not explained by these concrete factors are often attributed, at least in part, to discrimination. And NBER researcher Roland Fryer found that for one group of adults in their 40s, controlling for standardized-test scores reduced the wage gap between black men and white men in 2006 by roughly 70%. When it comes to race, sociologists Eric Grodsky and Devah Pager found that education and workforce experience accounted for 52% of the wage gap between black and white men working in the public sector in 1990, and that adding occupational differences explained approximately 20% of the wage gap. What contributes to these persistent wage gaps? Research shows that a majority of each of these gaps can be explained by differences in education, labor force experience, occupation or industry and other measurable factors.įor example, NBER researchers Francine Blau and Lawerence Kahn found that education and workforce experience accounted for 8% of the total gender wage gap in 2010, while industry and occupation explained 51% of the difference. As with workers overall, college-educated Asian men out-earn college-educated white men by about $3 per hour of work. ![]() However, black and Hispanic women with a college degree earn only about 70% the hourly wages of similarly educated white men ($23 and $22, respectively). White and Asian college-educated women also earn roughly 80% the hourly wages of white college-educated men ($25 and $27, respectively). College-educated black and Hispanic men earn roughly 80% the hourly wages of white college educated men ($25 and $26 vs. However, looking just at those with a bachelor’s degree or more education, wage gaps by gender, race and ethnicity persist. Among adults ages 25 and older, 23% of blacks and 15% of Hispanics have a bachelor’s degree or more education, compared with 36% of whites and 53% of Asians. workers with a four-year college degree earn significantly more than those who have not completed college. To be sure, some of these wage gaps can be attributed to the fact that lower shares of blacks and Hispanics are college educated. As a result, black men earned the same 73% share of white men’s hourly earnings in 1980 as they did in 2015, and Hispanic men earned 69% of white men’s earnings in 2015 compared with 71% in 1980. Asian women followed roughly the trajectory of white women (but earned a slightly higher 87 cents per dollar earned by a white man in 2015), whereas Hispanic women fared even worse than black women, narrowing the gap by just 5 cents (earning 58 cents on the dollar in 2015).īlack and Hispanic men, for their part, have made no progress in narrowing the wage gap with white men since 1980, in part because there have been no improvements in the hourly earnings of white, black or Hispanic men over this 35-year period. By comparison, black women only narrowed that gap by 9 cents, from earning 56 cents for every dollar earned by a white man in 1980 to 65 cents today. For example, white women narrowed the wage gap in median hourly earnings by 22 cents from 1980 (when they earned, on average, 60 cents for every dollar earned by a white man) to 2015 (when they earned 82 cents). White and Asian women have narrowed the wage gap with white men to a much greater degree than black and Hispanic women. While the hourly earnings of white men continue to outpace those of women, all groups of women have made progress in narrowing this wage gap since 1980, reflecting at least in part a significant increase in the education levels and workforce experience of women over time. But the hourly earnings of Asian and white women ($18 and $17, respectively) are higher than those of black and Hispanic women ($13 and $12, respectively) – and also higher than those of black and Hispanic men. Only the hourly earnings of Asian men ($24) outpaced those of white men.Īmong women across all races and ethnicities, hourly earnings lag behind those of white men and men in their own racial or ethnic group. In 2015, average hourly wages for black and Hispanic men were $15 and $14, respectively, compared with $21 for white men. White men are often used in comparisons such as this because they are the largest demographic group in the workforce – 33% in 2015. Looking at gender, race and ethnicity combined, all groups, with the exception of Asian men, lag behind white men in terms of median hourly earnings, according to a new Pew Research Center analysis of Bureau of Labor Statistics data. Among full- and part-time workers in the U.S., blacks in 2015 earned just 75% as much as whites in median hourly earnings and women earned 83% as much as men. remain, even as they have narrowed in some cases over the years. Large racial and gender wage gaps in the U.S.
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